Moreover, antibiotic resistance is a growing concern in animal husbandry, including poultry production. Over-reliance on antibiotics for disease prevention and treatment in poultry can lead to the emergence of resistant strains of bacteria, complicating treatment options. As a result, the use of antibiotics should be judicious and limited to therapeutic purposes rather than prophylaxis. Integrated management practices, including the use of alternative therapies such as essential oils and plant extracts, are being explored to reduce reliance on traditional antibiotics while maintaining flock health.