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The primary cause of pink eye is infections by bacteria such as *Moraxella bovis*. These bacteria often enter the eye through abrasions or irritation caused by factors like dust, UV light, and other environmental stressors. Certain breeds, especially those with lighter pigmentation around their eyes, are more predisposed to this condition. Other predisposing factors include high stocking density, poor ventilation, and excessive flies, which can transmit bacteria.


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antihistamine for horses head shaking

Avian influenza is caused by influenza A viruses, which can infect a range of bird species. In chickens, the disease can manifest in both low pathogenic and highly pathogenic forms. The highly pathogenic strains are particularly concerning as they lead to high mortality rates and severe health implications. Symptoms may include respiratory distress, decreased egg production, swelling of the head and neck, and, in extreme cases, sudden death.


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antihistamine for horses head shaking

While amoxicillin is a powerful tool in veterinary medicine, concerns regarding antibiotic resistance cannot be overlooked. The inappropriate or excessive use of antibiotics in veterinary settings can lead to the emergence of resistant bacterial strains, posing a significant threat to both animal and human health. To mitigate this risk, it is crucial for veterinarians to adhere to responsible prescribing practices, ensuring that antibiotics are used judiciously and only when necessary.


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antihistamine for horses head shaking