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In conclusion, camel medicine is an essential field that requires a blend of traditional knowledge and modern veterinary practices. With an understanding of the unique biology and requirements of camels, veterinarians can more effectively contribute to the health and productivity of these resilient animals. As the demand for camels continues to grow in various sectors, investing in camel medicine will ensure a sustainable future for both the animals and the communities that depend on them.


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drug of choice for e coli in poultry

Fever is a natural response of the bovine immune system to infection, inflammation, or other pathogenic challenges. When a cow’s body temperature rises above the normal range of approximately 101.5°F (38.6°C), it indicates an ongoing physiological process meant to combat disease. Common causes of fever in cattle include infectious diseases, such as bovine respiratory disease (BRD), leptospirosis, and Mastitis. Non-infectious conditions such as stress, heat exhaustion, or even rumen acidosis can also lead to elevated temperatures.


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drug of choice for e coli in poultry