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Udder swelling occurs when the mammary glands become inflamed due to infection, trauma, or other factors. The most common cause is bacterial infection, with pathogens such as *Staphylococcus aureus* and *Escherichia coli* being the primary culprits. Milking machine malfunctions, improper milking techniques, and poor hygiene practices can also exacerbate the risk of infection. Environmental stressors, nutritional deficiencies, and systemic diseases can further contribute to the swelling.


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pet health multivitamin for dogs

The cost of amoxicillin injection can vary significantly depending on several factors. These include the country of purchase, the manufacturer, the supplier, and the specific healthcare setting. In the United States, for example, the price can be substantially higher than in other countries due to various market dynamics and healthcare regulations. Such disparities can create challenges in accessing vital medications, especially for low-income patients or those without insurance.


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pet health multivitamin for dogs