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B vitamins, including B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B5 (pantothenic acid), B6 (pyridoxine), B7 (biotin), B9 (folate), and B12 (cobalamin), play numerous roles in a cat’s health. They are essential for energy metabolism, healthy skin, red blood cell production, and nervous system function. A well-balanced commercial cat food typically provides adequate B vitamins, but it’s essential to monitor for any deficiencies, especially in older cats or those with specific health concerns.


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vitamins for dog with kidney disease

Cow lice infestations are a common issue in livestock management, particularly among cattle. These external parasites, primarily the species *Bovicola bovis* and *Haematopinus eurysternus*, can cause significant discomfort for the animals, leading to various health problems, reduced weight gain, and lower milk production. The effective management of lice is crucial for maintaining the overall well-being of cattle and ensuring optimal productivity.


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vitamins for dog with kidney disease