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E. coli infections in poultry are primarily caused by specific pathogenic strains, such as Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). These strains can lead to various health complications in birds, including colibacillosis, a disease characterized by severe respiratory, urinary, and secondary systemic infections. Symptoms often include diarrhea, depression, and high mortality rates, particularly in young chicks. As poultry is a significant source of protein for humans globally, managing E. coli infections in birds is crucial for ensuring food safety and public health.


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dog won t eat medicine

Nutrition also plays a crucial role in cattle health and productivity. Veterinary professionals collaborate with nutritionists to develop balanced feeding programs that meet the specific needs of different classes of cattle, such as lactating dairy cows, growing beef calves, or pregnant heifers. A well-formulated diet not only boosts the immune system but also enhances reproductive performance and milk production. Furthermore, proper hydration and mineral supplementation are essential for preventing metabolic disorders and promoting overall health.


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dog won t eat medicine