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Horses can fall victim to several intestinal parasites, including strongyles, ascarids, and pinworms. Strongyles, in particular, can be classified into two categories large strongyles and small strongyles. Large strongyles are notorious for causing severe damage to blood vessels, leading to serious health problems. Ascarids, or roundworms, primarily affect young horses and can cause colic, impaction, and stunted growth. Pinworms, while generally less harmful, can cause irritation around the tail area, leading to rubbing and skin problems.


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poultry medicine guide pdf

Historically, camels have played an essential role in the economies and cultures of Middle Eastern, North African, and Central Asian societies. They are known for their incredible endurance and ability to travel long distances without water, attributes that have made them invaluable in desert environments. However, their health can be compromised by various factors, including environmental stressors, infectious diseases, and nutritional deficiencies. Thus, understanding camel medicine is not only important for the animals themselves but also for the livelihoods of people who depend on them.


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poultry medicine guide pdf