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Heartworms, scientifically known as Dirofilaria immitis, are parasitic worms that can cause severe health issues in dogs, including lung disease, heart failure, and other organ damage. These worms are transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes. Once a dog is infected, the heartworms can grow up to a foot long and can inhabit the heart, lungs, and associated blood vessels of the infected animal. This underscores the importance of proper heartworm prevention and treatment.


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pharmaceutical dosage form concept and classification

Treatment options in horse medicine can be equally diverse. For minor injuries, such as cuts and abrasions, wound management and topical medications may suffice. More severe cases, like fractures, may require surgical intervention. Advancements in veterinary surgery, including arthroscopy and laparoscopic techniques, have made it possible to treat previously untreatable conditions, improving recovery rates and outcomes for horses.


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pharmaceutical dosage form concept and classification